OBESITY
Is feline obesity a problem?
Yes - obesity, defined as an excess of body weight of 20% or more, is the most common nutritional
disease of domestic cats. Although the frequency varies from one country to the next, on average up to
40% of all adult cats are obese! Despite these alarming figures, very little is known about the
detrimental effects of obesity on feline health. Obesity in cats is a known risk factor for both diabetes
mellitus and lower urinary tract disease. In humans, obesity causes an increase in morbidity and
mortality at all ages and is associated with diabetes mellitus, certain types of cancer, impaired
mobility and arthritis, high blood pressure, heart disease, and other illnesses. Recent studies suggest
that heart disease also occurs in obese cats! More research is needed to evaluate this and to
determine what other detrimental effects obesity has on cats.
Finally, obesity in cats is associated with hepatic lipidosis. This is a severe form of liver failure in cats.
It typically occurs in cats that are obese and have undergone a brief period of “stress” which causes
anorexia. The “stress” may be as simple as a change of house or a change in diet. Hepatic lipidosis
previously was an almost universally fatal disease in cats. Fortunately, with improved, aggressive and
prolonged therapy about 80% of affected cats can now be successfully treated. However, because of
the risk for this potentially fatal disease, the treatment of feline obesity needs to be done cautiously
and always under the care of a veterinarian.
What causes obesity in cats and how should it be treated?
Many factors contribute to obesity in cats, and not all of them are clearly understood. Some are
probably genetic, while others are clearly related to diet and environment. It is important for the cat
owner and veterinarian to keep these factors in mind when treating the obese feline patient.
Prevention is better than treatment, but this is not always easy. Indoor cats are more prone to obesity,
perhaps because they eat more out of boredom, but also because they have less opportunity to stay
trim through exercise. Remember that everybody should run and play, including cats!
Once a cat becomes obese, the challenge for owner and veterinarian is to safely promote weight loss
and maintain optimum weight. In the long run it is better to set realistic goals for weight reduction rather
than attempting to force the cat down to a “normal” weight. Usually a 15-20% reduction in weight is a
good target that can easily be achieved! Rapid weight loss should be avoided, since it puts the cat at
risk for development of severe liver disease. Weight that is lost slowly is more likely to stay lost! There
are no drugs or magic pills that can be used safely or effectively. Commercial “low-calorie” diets are
available from veterinarians and provide the basis for a successful weight loss program. However,
they are more effective when combined with additional exercise. This also has the advantage of
providing more time for interaction between the cat and the family, which we know provides enjoyment
and is beneficial for the health of both. With some patience and extra care, obese cats can be treated
safely and effectively, with the ultimate goal of prolonging a healthy happy life!
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Animal Hospital of Fate 1001 North W.E.Crawford (Highway 66 in Fate) Rockwall, Texas 75087 972-722-0066 |
1001 North W.E.Crawford (Highway 66 in Fate) Rockwall, Texas 75087 972-722-0066 |
| Dusty B. Goucher, DVM The Staff of the Animal Hospital of Fate |